Posted on: 02 March, 2017
Author: Alexander P
The use of a label, such as aphrodisiac, can nevertheless be criticized as can the labels attached to many pheromones, since it derives from the final result of the behavior and thus assumes that the ... The use of a label, such as aphrodisiac, can nevertheless be criticized as can the labels attached to many pheromones, since it derives from the final result of the behavior and thus assumes that the behavior was aimed toward that goal (Kennedy 1972). Part of the problem is clearly the heavy anthropomorphic overtones carried by the word (Comfort ch. 20) and in the assumption...
Posted on: 02 March, 2017
Author: george hopson
A lawnmower is one of those matters that everyone has, and but it is nevertheless virtually hard to pick the proper one. There are hundreds - thousands even - of various lawnmowers available to pick from, and it is tough to recognise which to get except you have a few primary grounding in what you are looking for. The first decision you have to make is whether you want a petroleum mower, an electric mower or a mower that is powered only by means of you pushing it. While push mowers are likely the cheapest and maximum environmentally pleasant (now...
Posted on: 02 March, 2017
Author: Alexander P
Let’s talk about top pheromones in nature. It may be an adaptation of natural behaviour in which a queen is guided back to her colony after a mating ight. Pheromones Behavior Nasonov exposure... Let’s talk about top pheromones in nature. It may be an adaptation of natural behaviour in which a queen is guided back to her colony after a mating ight. Pheromones Behavior Nasonov exposure also occurs in various pheromone circumstances connected with reorientation; for example when small groups of workers are conned to cages with or without a queen they periodically scent and fan in unison. The precise...
Posted on: 02 March, 2017
Author: Alexander P
The presence of a brood incubation pheromone has recently been demonstrated (Heinrich, 1973). This does not appear to originate from the brood but is deposited on it. The immature stages of a bumblebe... The presence of a brood incubation pheromone has recently been demonstrated (Heinrich, 1973). This does not appear to originate from the brood but is deposited on it. The immature stages of a bumblebee colony are incubated by the adult bees for long periods each day which help maintain them at a relatively high temperature. This incubatory behaviour appears to be re- leased by an odour the queen...
Posted on: 02 March, 2017
Author: Alexander P
Free and Williams (1983) provided evidence for the existence of both attractive and deterrent top pheromones. They used ‘articial owers’, each consisting of a small conical ask with a p... Free and Williams (1983) provided evidence for the existence of both attractive and deterrent top pheromones. They used ‘articial owers’, each consisting of a small conical ask with a plastic platform resting on top of it on which the bees could land. A glass capillary tube 50 mm long extended from a hole through the centre of the plate into the ask. A continuous supply of forage could be provided...
Posted on: 02 March, 2017
Author: Alexander P
The response in pheromones in insects can vary widely in pest management. In this article, we will discuss the variabilities. Pheromones in insects can elicit a positive response (Sonnet and Moser 1972). All but one of the 11 compounds were required in amounts 102 to 104 times greater than the pheromone to elicit a response. Information is not, however, available on the effects‘ of the male pheromones at the antennal receptor level. For the southern pine beetle, all but one of 10 parapheromones of frontalin (1,5-dimethyl-6, 8-dioxabicyclo [3.2.l.] octane) were completely inactive in eld tests (Renwick 1970). The parapheromone 5,7-dimethyl-6,...
Posted on: 02 March, 2017
Author: Alexander P
Bees love to use the top pheromones to increase pollination. Furthermore, bees are able to distinguish between the heads alone of bees of their own colony and heads of bees of alien colonies; they pre... Bees love to use the top pheromones to increase pollination. Furthermore, bees are able to distinguish between the heads alone of bees of their own colony and heads of bees of alien colonies; they prefer to beg food from the former and may even attack the latter without pheromone attraction. (Free, 1956). Even colonies in the same location make different use of the local ora,...
Posted on: 02 March, 2017
Author: Alexander P
Pheromones are on of the best ways to manage insect infestation on crops. In this article, we will discuss how that works. Within a few cm of the odor source, where a relatively steep concentration gradient might persist, an insect may use chemoklinotaxis or chemotropotaxis in determining the direction of the origin of the chemical. In employing chemoklinotaxis, the insect swings its antennae from side to side and makes successive comparisons of the chemical concentration on each side of its body (Shorey 1973). In using chemotropotaxis, the individual simultaneously compares the pheromone concentration on each side of its body with...
Posted on: 02 March, 2017
Author: Alexander P
Let’s talk about top pheromones in insects. The possible extent to which colony pheromone odour normally has a genetic basis needs reinvestigation. The colonies used should be headed by queens t... Let’s talk about top pheromones in insects. The possible extent to which colony pheromone odour normally has a genetic basis needs reinvestigation. The colonies used should be headed by queens that have been articially inseminated so all the offspring within a colony are of identical parentage. If top pheromone odour does prove to be genetically determined individual bees must learn the odours of their half-sisters as well as their...
Posted on: 02 March, 2017
Author: Alexander P
Pheromones are produced by specialized glands in insects of one sex and elicit a behavioral response in the opposite sex. In most cases, the producing sex does not release the pheromone continuously t... Pheromones are produced by specialized glands in insects of one sex and elicit a behavioral response in the opposite sex. In most cases, the producing sex does not release the pheromone continuously throughout its adult life. Nor does the responding sex typically display a constant degree of responsiveness to the pheromone. Instead, certain physiological factors within the insects themselves and certain properties of the environment in which...